Course Content
UNIT 1 | Friendship & Cooperation
"Communication within a friendship is important for human development throughout life. Beginning in childhood, friendships shape and reflect developments in social cognition, perspective-taking abilities, moral comportment, and cooperation as equals. During adolescence and younger adulthood, friendships cultivate ethical sensibilities, and understandings and practices of intimacy, identity, and sociability. Acrosslifef,e people describe three benefits of close friendship: somebody to talk to; to depend on and rely on for instrumental help, social support, and caring, and to have fun and enjoy doing things with. Communication with friends relieves loneliness and contributes to physical and psychological well-being."
0/4
1.1 Reading Comprehension: Friends in trouble
07:06
1.2 Language Practice: Term: Used to
04:44
1.3 Writing A Paragraph
05:36
1.4 Writing a Letter | Types of Letters
04:00
UNIT 2 | Natural Beauty Of Pakistan
"Natural beauty is unmatched. Pakistan has the world's most beautiful places to visit, especially at their best in northern areas of the Pakistan and Kashmir region. This part of the the country is famous all around the world because of sky high mountains, lush green valleys, mighty rivers, beautiful lakes, and amazing wildlife. The Paradise on Earth ‘Neelum Valley’ Mini Switzerland ‘Swat Valley’ and Mountain Kingdom ‘Hunza valley’ are the major tourist attractions in Pakistan."
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2.1 Reading Comprehension: My Blessed Beautiful Land
17:17
2.2 Speaking: Agee or Disagree Politely
04:33
2.3 Language Practice: Past Perfect Tense
05:27
2.4 Writing an Application
07:18
UNIT 3 | Traffic Education
"Traffic education means education on traffic rules. It embraces all rules and regulations to be followed while driving on roads. Traffic education is essential for drivers and pedestrians. Drivers and pedestrians having no traffic education may cause fatal accidents on the road. There are many rules and regulations in traffic. Some of them are following the order of the traffic police; following the speed limit sticking to the respective side, checking vehicles properly before driving, following the rules of loading vehicles with passengers or goods, in crowded places, and curves driving slowly and carefully and using horns, etc."
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3.1 Reading Comprehension: Better Be Safe Then Sorry
04:03
3.2 Speaking: Expressing Opinion
05:07
3.3 Language Practice: Imperative Sentences
03:31
3.4 Writing: A Formal Email
02:16
UNIT 4 | Exploring The Educational Opportunities
"Literacy involves gaining the skills and knowledge to read and interpret varying texts and artifacts, and successfully navigate and negotiate their challenges, conflicts, and crises. To the domains of reading, writing, and traditional print literacies, one could argue that in an era of technological revolution, educators must develop robust forms of media literacy, computer literacy, and multimedia literacies, thus cultivating “multiple literacies.”
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4.1 Reading Comprehension: Educational Exhibition
03:29
4.2 Language Practice: Direct & Indirect Speech
05:02
4.3 Writing A Paragraph
01:23
4.4 Word Class In English
07:45
UNIT 5 | Humanism
"Humanism is a rational philosophy informed by science, inspired by art, and motivated by compassion. Affirming the dignity of each human being supports the maximization of individual liberty and opportunity consonant with social and planetary responsibility. It advocates the extension of participatory democracy and the expansion of the open society, standing for human rights and social justice. Free of supernaturalism, it recognizes human beings as a part of nature and holds that values-be they religious, ethical, social, or political-have their source in human experience and culture."
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5.1 Reading Comprehension: What shaped Edhi’s Life
03:20
5.2 Language Practice: Linking Words
07:32
UNIT 6 | Sportsmanship
"Sportsmanship is a vital element of sports that ignites and maintains friendship, respect, and orderliness. It describes unbiased and kind behavior while treating opponents, officials, teammates, and spectators in sports. Sportsmanship is the ethical aspect of sports. It is displayed by the combination of positive qualities like fair play, integrity, and respect towards opponents, officials, teammates, and even the fans. Sportsmanship can also be demonstrated by displaying politeness even in defeat and sustaining self-discipline in dealings with others."
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6.1 Reading Comprehension: Sportsmanship
11:40
6.2 Language Practice: Comparative Adjectives
04:52
6.4 Reading Comprehension: The multiple roles that women play
04:34
6.5 Language Practice: Adjectives | Gradable and Non-Gradable
10:52
Grade 8 – English
About Lesson

A paragraph is a component of fictional prose and non-fiction writings.

When writing essays, research papers, books, etc., new paragraphs are indented to show their beginnings. Each new paragraph begins with a new indentation.

The purpose of a paragraph is to express a speaker’s thoughts on a particular point in a clear way that is unique and specific to that paragraph. In other words, paragraphs shouldn’t be mixing thoughts or ideas. When a new idea is introduced, generally, a writer will introduce a new paragraph.

 

 

Basic Paragraph Structure: How to Layout a Paragraph

In non-fiction writing, a body paragraph is any paragraph that comes between the introduction and the conclusion.

A good body paragraph will have the following:

 

Topic Sentence

define paragraph writing

What is a topic sentence? 

A topic sentence is the first sentence of the body paragraph. Simply put, the topic sentence introduces the topic of the paragraph. A good topic sentence will be broad enough to allow for explication but narrow enough that it does not require a paragraph that is too long.

Supporting Sentences

What is a supporting sentence?

The supporting sentences of a paragraph are the sentences between the topic sentence and the concluding sentence. The supporting sentences “support” the topic sentence. That is, they explain and elaborate on the point of the paragraph.

Concluding Sentence

what is a conclusion paragraph

What is a concluding sentence? 

The concluding sentence is the last sentence in the paragraph. It should succinctly end the paragraph and transition to the next paragraph, if appropriate.

 

Summary: What are Paragraphs?

Define paragraph: the definition of a paragraph is a group of sentences in which a single topic is developed.

In summary, a paragraph is:

  • a unit of writing
  • used in non-fiction and fictional prose
  • a part of writing that expresses a certain topic

Exercise Files
Auerbach-Handout-Paragraph-Writing-Examples (1).pdf
Size: 133.28 KB
Writing a Well-Structured Paragraph.pdf
Size: 101.77 KB
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